Quality of life for Patients Undergone Gallstone Surgery Attending Al- Sheikh Zayed Hospital in Baghdad City
Abstract
Background: Quality of life has become a key goal of contemporary health care. It is often confused with standard-of-living. However, standard-of-living refers to the possession of wealth or material goods. Gallstones (Cholelithiasis) or (Biliary calculi) are small stones that made from cholesterol salts, bile pigment and calcium salts (usually in a mixture) form in the gallbladder. It is one of the common disorders of the digestive system and affects about 15% of people aged 50 years and over.
Objective (s): The study targeted to evaluate quality of life for patients undergone gallstone surgery (Cholecystectomy) as well as to identify the correlation between quality of life of these patients and some demographic characteristics after six months of surgery.
Methodology: A cross-sectional design was employed to achieve the objectives of the study for the period from1st December 2023 to 1st June 2024. A purposive sample of (350) patients who are attending Al- Sheikh Zayed Hospital in Baghdad city, the sampling method using purposive non probability sample technique to access the participants of the study. The data for this study collected by using (WHOQOL) tool, to evaluate the quality of life for patients who had cholecystectomy and visiting Al- Sheikh Zayed Hospital in Baghdad city, and to identify the correlation between sociodemographic characteristics and quality of life.
The evaluation test scale consists of two parts; demographic data, which consist of six items, include age, gender, level of education, marital status, economic status, and occupation. Part two consist of five domains include physical, psychological, environmental, spiritual and social. Physical domain consist of (11) questions, psychological have (8) questions, environmental includes (4) questions, spiritual content (5) questions and social domain consist of (6) questions to measure quality of life for patients undergone cholecystectomy. Each question has score include (1) for never, (2) for sometimes and (3) for always.
The validity of the questionnaire was tested by presenting it to (10) experts in medical field. The reliability of the instrument tested by using data for 10 patients who have had cholecystectomy excluded from the study sample. Cronbach's alphas test calculated to determine the internal consistency of the study instrument. The overall internal consistency for the questionnaire was accepted which recorded α= 0.81.
Results: The summary statistics related sociodemographiccharacteristics showed that the majority of participants in the study are between age group of (46- 55) years old (55.0 %). Related gender of participants female were recorded (52.7%) from all study sample. Associated level of education (37.9%) of sample were in Institution or College levels. Regarding with marital status (63.0 %) of study sample were married. (42.5 %) of participants have barely sufficient level regarding with economic status. Related to occupation, the study recoded that (47.3%) of participants were Employee.
Related to the overall evaluate of quality of life for patients undergone gallstone surgery (Cholecystectomy) the result shows, that (46.4%) of participant within fair level of quality of life.
Regarding with correlation between quality of life and demographic data the result obvious that, there is a high significant correlation between quality of life and variables of age and occupation, as well as there is a significant correlation between level of education and quality of life.
Conclusions:
the study summarized that quality of life for patients undergone gallstone surgery recorded fair level among the study sample, in addition to that, there is a high significant correlation of quality of life with age and occupation, as well as there is a significant correlation between level of education and quality of life.
Recommendations:
- Conducting extra studies to obtain more knowledge related quality of life for patients undergone gallstone surgery
- Produce an educational program to increase health awareness among people, to elevate level of quality of life for patients undergone gallstone surgery.
- The media should play a greater role related to increase awareness associated with lifestyle to elevate quality of life among population as general, as well as among patient underdone gallstone surgery.
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