Journal of Current Medical Research and Opinion

Mathematical Foundations of Artificial Intelligence in Criminal Justice and how they are applied in Forensic Analysis

Ali Hussein Oleiwi Nasir — 2026-04-15

In this review, we have considered the mathematical concepts that may be of most usefulness in the view of crime science. It will start by giving a high-level overview of the methodologies that are likely to be used with special attention given to complexity science methods. One will find out how mathematics is stimulated in image processing, and how image processing can improve the methods in mathematics. Mathematics is the keystone of any artificial neural network, and the initial steps to its construction can be made through the study of the principles of neural networks. Forensic analysts use mathematics to rebuild crimes, evaluate evidence, and compute timing so as to offer objective, quantitative, and scientifically valid methods. It uses trigonometry, probability, and statistics in areas of toxicology, DNA profiling, and bloodstain analysis to transform physical clues to evidence-based conclusions. This chapter addresses the issue of forgetting the prerequisites by the researchers. You will have a birds-eye view of the matter in this chapter as you find out the meaning of some of the requirements such as Image processing mathematics, forensic image processing mathematics (which comprises the basics of the neural networks) and prob ability theory. The forensic sciences extensively make use of the concepts of probability density. The concepts that were discussed during the briefing seem to belong to different areas of research but, in fact, are highly interrelated and will provide the reader with a general idea about the given topic. Section two provision of links between mathematics, image processing and forensic science and Section one is dedicated to mathematics of image processing.

Haemodialysis Patients/Cytomegalovirus IgG Positive Infection in Babylon Governorate-Iraq

Hider M. H. Al-Shirifi — 2026-04-15

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is common throughout the world. This virus belongs to the 2-strand linear DNA genome and capsid, which is enclosed by an envelope, is a part of the 2-herpes virinae subfamily of the Herpesviridae family. Renal failure in dialysis patients is associated with numerous causes, such as UTIs or systemic diseases, so patients are at higher risk of developing a CMV infection. The men had a higher infection rate compared to women, and CMV infection rose as an individual grew older. Examining whether there is a correlation between CMV IgG positivity and haemodialysis patients was the primary goal of this research. February 2025 to December 2025 was the time frame of this investigation. The participants included 110 patients aged between 15-75 years old who were receiving hemodialysis due to chronic kidney disease. There were 68 males and 42 females. The findings of this study revealed that compared to the control group, patients with infected CMV, those on haemodialysis without infection and those on haemodialysis with infection all had an increased serum IL-1β levels (17.00±0.41, 26.17±0.51 and 35.00±1.68 pg/ml respectively) compared to the control group (8.04±0.23 pg/ml). At the same time, IL-6 levels were higher than the control level (23.09±0.48 pg/ml) (41.71±1.90, 66.00±2.28 and 115.00±3.50 respectively). Although TNF-α was lower than control (8.09±0.24 pg/ml) at 12.98±0.34, 21.00±0.41, and 37.09±0.46, respectively.

The Dietary Phenolics Effect in the Reduction of Low-Grade Inflammation and Most Cardiac Indicators in Adults

Zainab Musadaq Al Shalah — 2026-04-21

Low-grade chronic inflammation is a critical pathophysiological contributor to cardiovascular disease (CVD), and nutritional interventions to counteract this disease is an essential pioneer in primary preventive cardiology. Consolidating facts of a theoretical framework, a significant literature research, and an elaborate hypothetical movement-sectional, the research reveals that a more intense adherence to phenolic-rich ways, such as the Mediterranean diet can be a one-on-one variable with a statistically significant reduce degree of significant inflammatory biomolecules, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) ( = -0.18, p = 0.001), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor Moreover, these dieting patterns are associated with the more desirable cardiac risk profile, including reduced LDL-cholesterol ( 2 = -2.1mg/dL p =.003), increased HDL-cholesterol and decreased systolic blood pressure. A dose-response relationship was found with the participants in the highest tertile diet quality showing almost 50 percent lower hs-CRP levels than the lowest tertile of the sample. The evidence that phenolics are important bioactive components is that exploratory analysis indicates that a significant percentage of these benefits can be attributed to total dietary polyphenol intake by quantifying these benefits using the Phenol-Explorer database. The results are discussed in terms of an integrated biological perspective, including the effects of phenolics in the inhibition of the NF- κB pathway, switching on of Nrf2 antioxidant defences, and possibly the alteration of the gut microbiome. This piece of research offers solid, multi-dimensional data that entire, plant-based eating habits are not merely associated with, but mechanistically connected to better cardiovascular performance. The paper ends by giving practical recommendations to clinicians on how they can integrate dietary counseling and policymakers on how they can introduce food-environment interventions that ensure the accessibility of phenolic-rich foods to everyone. After all, the study confirms that the power of food is a key, underlying instrument of fighting inflammation and establishing healthier cardiovascular future.

Assessment of the Biochemical Indicators of Kidney Function in Patients with Gingivitis

Ameer Jawad Hadi — 2026-04-29

Gingivitis, a chronic inflammatory condition of the gums is caused by the accumulation of bacterial plaque. While once considered primarily a localised oral disease, recent research indicates that it can also be systemic - especially when associated with systemic inflammatory conditions, such as chronic kidney disease (CKD). Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterised by the loss of kidney function, systemic inflammation and immune dysregulation, which may impact on gum inflammation via common pathways. There seems to be a plausible link between oral health and the health of the kidneys, with both diseases sharing features such as increased inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress and dysbiosis. The researchers studied 43 women with gingivitis to determine whether there was an association between the gum condition and early indicators of chronic kidney disease (CKD). They examined key biochemical and haematological markers in these patients. To study markers of systemic inflammation and renal disease, we determined the white blood cell (WBC) count, blood urea and serum creatinine concentration in the blood samples. The statistical analysis showed that the white blood cell count at 10.36 × 10³/μL is high, and it may mean that there is systemic inflammation, which may be linked to both gingival and renal disease. This was found to be significantly greater than the test value (P>0.05) despite being in the high-normal range. The average of 2.48 mg/dL of serum creatinine was higher than the recommended value of 1.3 mg/dL which suggests a reduction in glomerular filtration. Moreover, there was a significant impairment in renal function, with the average blood urea level of 40.45 mg/dL, which is well above the normal range of 7-20 mg/dL. These findings support the theory that renal failure and gingivitis go hand in hand, where inflammation in the mouth could worsen systemic immune response and CKD. Or, the destruction of periodontal tissue may be expedited by uremic toxins and immunosuppression in CKD. This study demonstrates that patients with renal disease or at risk of renal disease should receive a dental assessment and treatment.